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Opened lithium-ion battery pack from an electric car, showing its cell modules
Opened lithium-ion battery pack from an electric car, showing its cell modules · Image: RudolfSimon, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 3.0 (cropped)

Buying guideUpdated Nov 1, 2026

How much does an EV battery degrade per year? (2026)

CRAVEUO EV Export · Sources last checked 2026-11-01 · General information. Nothing here is a promise or a quote.

Quick answer

About 2.3% a year on average, according to Geotab's study of more than 22,700 electric vehicles. Cars that rarely use fast chargers averaged 1.5% a year. Cars that often use high-power chargers averaged 3.0%. These are fleet averages: your car will differ, and most electric cars on the road are still too young to show how the wear develops in later years.

What the largest fleet study found

Geotab looked at more than 22,700 vehicles across 21 make-models. Its yearly loss by factor:

  • DC fast charging

    Lower-wear group: 1.5% (under 12% of sessions)

    Higher-wear group: 3.0% (over 12% of sessions, and over 40% of those above 100 kW)

  • DC fast charging, low power

    Higher-wear group: 2.2% (over 12% of sessions, under 40% above 100 kW)

  • Daily use

    Lower-wear group: 1.5% (low use)

    Higher-wear group: 2.3% (high use)

  • Time at extreme charge levels

    Lower-wear group: 1.4% (under 50% of the time)

    Higher-wear group: 2.0% (over 80% of the time)

  • Climate

    Lower-wear group: Mild

    Higher-wear group: 0.4 points a year faster (over 35% of days above 25°C)

Fast charging is the biggest factor Geotab lists. It does not make fast charging harmful in itself: even the highest group lost 3% a year. Heat comes up in our hot weather guide.

What this study leaves out

Geotab says it did not look at chemistry or battery management systems. We did not see the 21 models listed by brand in what we read. We also found no independent fleet study that separates Chinese brands outside China.

What the rules and warranties say

UN Global Technical Regulation No. 22 sets a battery durability floor that countries can adopt:

  • Up to 5 years or 100,000 km

    80%

  • Up to 8 years or 160,000 km

    70%

These figures come from HORIBA's summary, a test equipment maker. The UNECE publishes the regulation itself. It does not apply automatically in every country, so don't treat it as cover for your car.

Warranties are a separate matter:

Do batteries fail outright?

Rarely, so far. Recurrent's November 2025 study of more than 30,000 cars found:

  • All years

    Under 4%

  • First generation (oldest)

    About 8.5%

  • Second generation (such as the early Model 3)

    About 2%

  • 2022 and later

    About 0.3%

Two limits apply. Recurrent says its group is not representative of all EVs, and that about 75% of EVs on the road were sold in 2023 or later. Asked how long a modern pack lasts, its answer is that "we don't know".

Lab research on real driving

Stanford and SLAC researchers cycled 92 commercial cells over two years, comparing steady laboratory discharge with realistic driving patterns. Realistic use extended the projected life by as much as 38% in press reports, and Stanford's headline says up to 40%. This covers cells of one commercial type in a lab, not whole cars.

How to slow the wear

  1. Use slower charging for daily top-ups. Kia recommends AC charging and fast charging only when needed. BYD says low-power charging contributes to battery life (printed p. 93).
  2. Follow your maker's charge limit. It depends on chemistry. See our 100% charge guide.
  3. Don't leave it at a high or very low charge for long. Geotab links more time at extreme levels with faster loss. See our storage guide.
  4. Park out of the heat when you can. Kia warns about storage at high temperatures.
  5. Don't stop using fast chargers on trips. The difference is about 1.5 points a year between the extremes. Convenience on a long trip can be worth that.

Common questions

Is 2.3% a year fixed?
No. It is an average, and early-life data may not carry forward in a straight line. Wear in a car's later years is not well known yet.
How much range will I lose in 5 years?
At the average rate, roughly 10% to 12%. That is our own arithmetic from Geotab's 2.3%, not a measured result.
Does a car lose range just sitting?
Batteries age with time as well as use. Stanford's research suggests time matters more than cycling for cars that sit parked much of the time.
Is LFP longer-lasting?
XPENG says LFP typically gets 3,000 or more cycles against 1,000 to 2,000 for NMC. That is a maker's figure, and we found no independent test for Chinese cars.
When should I worry?
When range falls faster than expected, or the car shows a battery warning. Ask a workshop for a capacity test. See replacement costs.

Want one of these cars shipped to your country?

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Sources (checked 2026-11-01)

  1. Geotab: EV battery health, page dated 2026-04-28
  2. Recurrent: how long do EV batteries last, 2025-11-11
  3. UNECE: UN GTR No. 22, read through a search index because the site refused automated requests
  4. HORIBA: UN GTR No. 22 summary, test equipment maker
  5. US AFDC: EV maintenance
  6. Global Fleet: EV battery life, 2026-01-29
  7. Stanford: EV batteries may last up to 40% longer, read through a search index because the site refused automated requests
  8. Tech Brew on the Stanford study, press, read through a search index
  9. Kia: high-voltage battery, owner's manual
  10. BYD: Atto 3 owner's manual, English edition; printed page numbers
  11. XPENG Australia: LFP and NMC batteries, maker's guide

This guide is not legal or customs advice; the destination's customs and a licensed broker decide.